What is HTTP Authentication?

HTTP authentication is a process used to secure web resources by requiring users to provide credentials—typically a username and password—before gaining access. The two most common forms are Basic Authentication and Digest Authentication.

Basic Authentication: The client sends the username and password encoded in Base64, but not encrypted, within the HTTP header. This method is simple but vulnerable to interception unless used with HTTPS, which encrypts the connection.

Digest Authentication: A more secure method than Basic Authentication, Digest Authentication sends a hashed version of the password using a cryptographic hash function, making it harder for attackers to obtain the original credentials. It also prevents the password from being transmitted in plaintext.

Both methods control access to web resources. Digest Authentication provides an added layer of security by hashing credentials, while Basic Authentication should always be used over a secure connection (HTTPS).